![]() ![]() The case fatality rate is approximately 10% for untreated cases in low income settings and less than 1% for patients receiving care in high income countries.About 2% to 5% of untreated typhoid cases become chronic carriers. The World Health Organization (WHO) has estimated that there are 21 million cases of typhoid per year.Typh-I vaccine and other travel vaccines may be given concomitantly.Typh-O vaccine may be given concomitantly with or at any time before or after any parenteral vaccine.Administration of oral cholera vaccine and Typh-O vaccine should be separated by at least 8 hours.Typh-O vaccine is contraindicated in individuals with an acute gastrointestinal condition and in immunocompromised persons, including those with known HIV infection.Typh-O vaccine should be taken approximately 1 hour before, or 2 hours after a meal. One capsule of Typh-O should be taken on alternate days to a total of 4 capsules of vaccine for people 5 years of age and older.A single 0.5 mL dose of Typh-I vaccine should be administered for people 2 years of age and older when indicated.typhi and for people in close contact with S. Typhoid immunization is recommended for laboratory personnel at risk of exposure to S.Typhoid immunization is not routinely recommended for travel outside of South Asia however, it might be considered for travellers to other areas, such as Africa, based on individual-specific risk factors and personal preference.Typhoid immunization is recommended for most persons, 2 years of age and older, travelling to South Asia including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.The most commonly reported adverse events following immunization with Typh-I vaccine are injection site reactions (pain, swelling) the most commonly reported adverse events following receipt of Typh-O vaccine are abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, fever, headache and rash. ![]() Protection following Typh-I vaccine lasts for 3 years protection following Typh-O vaccine lasts for about 7 years.These vaccines provide approximately 50% protection against clinical disease. There are 2 authorized typhoid vaccines: parenteral (Typh-I) and oral (Typh-O).Clinical course ranges from mild illness with low grade fever to severe systemic disease with abdominal perforation and extra-intestinal infection that, if untreated, may be fatal.typhi is generally transmitted through ingestion of food and water contaminated with the feces of people with the disease or who are chronic S. Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhi (S.Table 1: Summary of typhoid vaccines authorized for use in Canada.Immunogenicity, Efficacy and Effectiveness.Preparations Authorized for Use in Canada. ![]() Last complete chapter revision (see Table of Updates): April 2017 On this page For health professionals Last partial content update (see Table of updates): November 2021Ī change has been made in the “Drug-drug and drug-food interactions” sub-section regarding the interval between the oral typhoid vaccine and certain antibiotics and antimalarials. ![]()
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